What are the 7 forms of depression?

It’s important to note that there are different ways of classifying depression, but one commonly used system is the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) which identifies several types of depression. Here are some of the most common forms of depression recognized by the DSM-5:

1. Major depressive disorder (MDD): also known as clinical depression, this is the most common form of depression. It’s characterized by a persistent feeling of sadness, loss of interest or pleasure in activities, changes in appetite and sleep patterns, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness or guilt, difficulty concentrating, and thoughts of death or suicide.
2. Persistent depressive disorder (PDD): also known as dysthymia, this type of depression is milder than MDD but lasts for a longer period of time (at least 2 years). Symptoms may include feelings of sadness or hopelessness, low self-esteem, fatigue, difficulty sleeping, and changes in appetite.
3. Seasonal affective disorder (SAD): this type of depression occurs during the winter months when there is less daylight. Symptoms may include a depressed mood, lack of energy, changes in appetite, difficulty concentrating, and social withdrawal.
4. Postpartum depression (PPD): this is a type of depression that occurs after childbirth. Symptoms may include feelings of sadness, anxiety, and irritability, changes in appetite and sleep patterns, fatigue, and difficulty bonding with the baby.
5. Psychotic depression: this type of depression includes symptoms of psychosis, such as delusions or hallucinations. These symptoms may be related to the depressive episode, such as believing that one is responsible for a personal tragedy.
6. Bipolar disorder: this is a mood disorder that includes episodes of both depression and mania (an elevated or irritable mood). During the depressive episodes, symptoms are similar to those of MDD. During manic episodes, symptoms may include excessive energy, decreased need for sleep, grandiosity, and risk-taking behavior.
7. Situational depression: also known as adjustment disorder with depressed mood, this type of depression is a short-term response to a stressful or traumatic event, such as a divorce, job loss, or the death of a loved one. Symptoms may include sadness, worry, and difficulty coping with daily activities.