MS, or multiple sclerosis, is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS). The exact cause of MS is not fully understood, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
In MS, the immune system mistakenly attacks and damages the myelin sheath that surrounds and protects nerve fibers in the CNS. This leads to disruptions in the transmission of nerve signals between the brain and the rest of the body, which can cause a wide range of symptoms such as muscle weakness, numbness or tingling, and problems with vision, balance, and coordination.
While the exact trigger of this immune response is unknown, it is believed that a combination of genetic and environmental factors may contribute to the development of MS. Some studies suggest that certain genetic variations may increase the risk of developing MS, while environmental factors such as viral infections, smoking, and vitamin D deficiency may also play a role in triggering the immune response that leads to MS.
